| US History |
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Homework: |
HW is due every Friday and I will take up the week's assignments. This will be the same pattern every week so you should have no problems figuring out what is due on Fridays. It will be on the board daily. This semester we are using worksheets that match the state standards.
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Review of Civics for 11th graders to prep for Grad Test |
1. Describe John Locke’s political philosophy. What are natural rights?
An English philosopher during the Enlightenment period who challenged the old view that monarchs possess a God given right to rule. Locke believed that people were born with certain NATURAL rights that no government could morally take away!
These are the right to life, liberty and property. He also advocated the Social Contract Theory.
2. What is the Social contract Theory?
There is an implied contract between government and citizens. For the good of society people agree to give up certain freedoms and empower governments to maintain order. If, however, a government failed to serve the public good, Locke believed, citizens could rightfully replace it.
3. Define egalitarianism. Everyone being treated equally.
4. What document was adopted by the continental Congress on July 4, 1776? What did this document do?
Declaration of Independence /declared our freedom from Britain/That is all! No government established.
5. Sadly, all rights weren’t guaranteed to all Americans under this new document, who were not included?
Slaves and women and Native Americans
6. Ratified in 1781, the Articles of Confederation was our new government but it gave almost no power to the Central Government. Why? What were some of the major weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation?
We were afraid to give too much power to the central government because of the King.
No power to tax, no power to enforce laws, weak central government. 9/13 had to agree to make a law.
7. Shay’s Rebellion
State governments could impose taxes, but not the Federal government. Mass. Imposed huge taxes and farmers were going in debt. SO… Daniel Shay staged an uprising! The federal government couldn’t do anything so Mass. had to raise an army to stop the rebellion. Congress was helpless to do anything to help.
8. At the Constitutional Convention, delegates met to revise the Articles, but they ended up writing what document?
Constitution
9. New Jersey Plan
called for three branches of gov’t., but it wanted congress to be unicameral with each state getting a single vote,
10. Va. Plan
propose 3 branches an executive branch to enforce laws, a judicial branch, legislative branch to bicameral, larger states love this idea, because the H.O.R. was based on population
11. Connecticut Plan/Great Compromise
the delegates decided would work, it established a legislative house with 2 houses, the H.O.R. and the Senate, the H.O.R. would be directly elected by the people, each state granted a certain number of seats based on pop., the senate would be elected by state legislators, with each state having 2 senators regarding pop.
12. 3/5 Compromise
each slave counts as 3/5ths of a person
13. Slave trade compromise
they agreed to not bring up slavery for 20 years
14. Rule of Law
the u.s. is a society governed by set laws, every citizen and leader must obey the nation’s laws
15. Limited Government
even governments must obey the set of laws, they are limited in what powers they have and what they can do
16. Separation of powers (Line-Item Veto is unconstitutional because this would violate the Sep. of Powers, BUT Governors in most states have these powers)
divides authority to govern btw different branches of government
17. Checks and Balances
allow each branch to check the powers of the other 2
18. Federalism? 10th Amendment is reserved to whom?
Powers divided btw different levels of government, the national and state government share power, 10th amendment is reserved to the states, in other words states have the authority to make many of their own laws
What is the Supremacy Clause?
Federal government rules
19. Popular Sovereignty
people rule
20. Ratification
to approve
21. Bill of Rights? Mainly added for equal protection under the laws!
First 10 amendments to the Constitution
22. Federalists (Hamilton, Madison) vs. Anti-federalists (Jefferson)? What were their beliefs?
The federalist favored a strong central government and supported the Constitution, Madison is referred to as the father of the Constitution, federalist tend to have a loose interpretation of the Constitution, anti-federalist were more suspicious of the Constitution and feared that it gave too much power to the central government, they favored a strict interpretation and believed the federal government could only do what the Constitution said
23. Federalist papers? What was the purpose of them?
Madison’s papers promoting the Constitution, purpose was to get New York to ratify
24. The first sentence of the U.S. Constitution is known as the preamble. It serves to explain the purpose and intent of the document. Write it!
25. Legislative branch is bicameral. What are the two houses?
H.O.R. and Senate
26. What does the legislative branch do?
Make laws
27. How are the House of Representatives seats determined? How long do they serve? Who is the most powerful person in the House?
Population/2 years/ Speaker of the House
28. How is the Senate Seats determined? How long do they serve? Who is the most powerful person in the Senate?
Elected/ 2 per state/ 6 years/ VP/ President Pro Tempore
29. 17th Amendment
provided for direct election of Senators
30. The Constitution grants each house of Congress certain powers and responsibilities. Some powers are shared by both houses. Others belong to one house, but not the other. For instance, both houses must approve a bill (a proposed law) before it can become a law (a rule which society is legally bound to uphold and abide by). On the other hand, only the House of Representatives may introduce tax bills or impeach public officials. In the same way, only the Senate has the power to block or confirm presidential appointments (people the president nominates to fill cabinet positions, seats on the federal courts, or the other public offices) and ratify treaties. Below are some of the powers given to one or both houses of Congress and limitations specifically stated in the Constitution?
POWERS:
• IMPEACH ( CHARGE WITH WRONGDOING WHILE IN OFFICE) PUBBLIC OFFICIALS
ONLY TWO PRES. HAVE BEEN IMPEACHED (CLINTON AND JOHNSON) NIXON RESIGNED!
• The H.O.Rep. votes for impeachment (must be majority) The Senate tries the impeachment and must convict with a 2/3 vote.
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on-line TEXT for US. |
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